The irresponsible owner of Manor Farm who the animals overthrow. Mr. Jones is an allegory to Czar Nicholas II and the disorientated regime in place before the Revolution.
Old major
The well-respected pig who creates the ideas behind Animalism. Old Major represents Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin. They introduced the theories of the Revolutions.
snowball
The intelligent and insightful opponent of Napoleon, Snowball symbolizes Leon Trotsky.
Napoleon’s propaganda tool, Squealer justifies the actions and changes made by the dictator. He represents the Pravda Newspaper, which helped Joseph Stalin gain support among the people.
Providing pigs with brute force to terrorize the other animals, the Dogs symbolize Joseph Stalin's KGB secret police.
The Pigs
They live a luxurious life, and enjoy the benefits of the dictatorship. The pigs symbolize the ruling class and Joseph Stalin's supporters.
boxer
The loyal and hardworking horse who faithfully believes in the revolution. Boxer represents the peasants and tricked supporters of the Soviet Union.
Benjamin
The wise donkey who is aware of Napoleon's unjust regime, but does nothing about it. Benjamin's characteristics embody the apathetic and powerless people of the revolution.